What does the International Criminal Court (ICC) primarily focus on?

The International Criminal Court (ICC) primarily focuses on investigating and trying individuals charged with the gravest crimes, such as genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and aggression. This jurisdiction is significant because it aims to hold individuals accountable for serious violations of international law, particularly in situations where national courts may be unwilling or unable to do so. The establishment of the ICC was a landmark development in international law, reflecting the global community's commitment to justice and the protection of human rights.

This focus on individual accountability represents a shift from traditional forms of international law, which often addressed state behavior rather than individual actions. By prosecuting individuals, the ICC works to deter future crimes and promote accountability, thereby contributing to international peace and security. This mission is clearly distinguished from other aspects of international law, such as the investigation of financial crimes, which is typically handled by other entities, or the settlement of disputes between nations, which is generally the area of international courts like the International Court of Justice. Similarly, while overseeing international treaties is a vital function of international law, it does not fall within the specific mandate of the ICC.