What is the definition of 'litigation'?

The definition of 'litigation' as the process of taking legal action or resolving disputes in court accurately captures the essence of what litigation entails. It refers to the formal judicial process where parties present their cases in front of a judge or jury, seek to enforce rights, or defend against claims made by others. Litigation commonly involves various stages, including pre-trial motions, trial, and potentially appeals, all conducted within the framework of the judicial system.

In contrast, alternative dispute resolution methods, such as mediation or arbitration, aim to resolve disputes outside of the court system, while the other options, including a type of legal contract and negotiation, pertain to different aspects of legal interactions that do not involve the formalized court process. Thus, the correct answer thoroughly conveys the primary characteristics and context of litigation as it pertains to the legal system.