What is the doctrine of judicial review?

The doctrine of judicial review is fundamentally the principle that allows courts to examine and determine the constitutionality of government actions, including laws passed by the legislative branch and actions taken by the executive branch. This power is pivotal in ensuring that all government actions adhere to the constitution, which is the supreme law of the land. By having the ability to nullify laws or actions that are found to be unconstitutional, the judiciary plays a crucial role in upholding the rule of law and protecting individual rights.

In the context of the other options, while the power of courts to monitor legislative decisions is related, it doesn't fully encapsulate the broader idea of reviewing for constitutionality. The authority of judges to issue warrants pertains specifically to law enforcement and does not involve reviewing government actions. Lastly, judicial examination of public opinions is not a function of the courts; rather, courts are concerned with legal principles, statutes, and constitutional mandates rather than public sentiment or opinion. Thus, the correct answer reflects the essential role of the judiciary in maintaining checks and balances within government by assessing whether actions comply with constitutional standards.